Exercise & Fitness Archive

Do you sometimes feel like the Energizer Bunny with a weak battery? You start out strong, but by midafternoon you're starting to flag.

We all get tired from time to time, but fatigue tends to become more common as we get older. Assuming your doctor has ruled out medical causes for persistent fatigue, there are a few basic steps you can take to feel more energetic day to day.

It might be surprising to learn that parents can help fight childhood obesity by taking good care of themselves. A new study found that when mothers follow five healthy lifestyle habits, their kids are much less likely to become obese.

Moving throughout the day offers big benefits for your long-term health.

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There's an old saying: "If you want to stay moving, you have to get moving." But for a lot of us, that's easier said than done.

The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) says we've become a nation of sitters, and our increasingly sedentary lifestyle has become America's primary health crisis, especially for older adults.

In the journals

If heart disease runs in your family, improving your fitness may be a great way to help prevent it, according to a study published online April 9, 2018, by Circulation.

Researchers reviewed data from about 502,000 people, ages 40 to 69, who filled out questionnaires about their current physical activity and family medical history. The researchers also measured the participant daily activity level, grip strength, and cardiovascular fitness.

Playful exercise is not just about fun and games.

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One new exercise trend can make you feel like a kid again. Multigenerational fitness parks are cropping up across the United States. These parks typically include a large child-focused structure with places to climb, slide, swing, hang, and jump. There may also be walking paths and places for interaction between older and younger people, such as seating and picnic tables painted with tabletop games (like checkers). Sounds like a regular park, right?

What's different is that the playground equipment is often adult-friendly: swings are sturdy and roomy; slides are wide, with gentle slopes; and seesaws have ergonomically designed seats that are easy to sit on. The equipment makes it possible for adults to play alongside their kids or grandkids or other children.

News briefs

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Regular exercise in older adults offers powerful protection against falls. That's the conclusion of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), published online April 17, 2018, by the Journal of the American Medical Association. Task force members reviewed the latest evidence (about 20 studies) and said there was enough to confirm that exercising, muscle strengthening, and improving balance could help prevent falls in high-risk older adults. Most people in the studies exercised three times a week. The benefit remained the same whether people performed individual routines, participated in exercise classes, or underwent physical therapy. The USPSTF also recommended that doctors offer additional measures to prevent falls, depending on a person's risks (like getting an eye exam if you have poor vision). And the task force found that taking vitamin D did not prevent falls in older adults, so it is recommending against taking a supplement just for that purpose. (Vitamin D is important if you have osteoporosis or vitamin D deficiency.) The takeaway: Falls are the leading cause of injury and injury-related death in older adults. If you're not active, try walking a little each day (if your doctor says it's okay), and build toward walking at least 20 minutes per day.

Heat, humidity, and haze can be rough on your heart.

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Summer's long, sunny days often entice people to spend more time exercising outdoors. While being more physically active is great for your heart, it's important to exercise caution when the temperature and humidity rise.

"You hear stories about football players collapsing when they do strenuous workouts in hot weather, probably because they're not drinking enough fluid," says Dr. Adolph M. Hutter, professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School. However, hot weather can affect non-athletes as well. "For the average person, just walking on a golf course when it's 100° with high humidity is stressful for the cardiovascular system," he says.

Research we're watching

Staying physically fit helps lower your risk of heart disease — even if the condition runs in your family, a new study finds.

Researchers relied on data from nearly half a million middle-aged and older adults in the United Kingdom. Over the six-year study, people with high levels of grip strength, self-reported physical activity, and cardiorespiratory fitness (as measured by a stationary bike test) were less likely than others to have a heart attack or stroke. That was true even among people with high genetic risk, based on whether they carried certain gene variants that have been linked to heart disease.

Good posture is important, even during exercise. Quick posture checks before and during a core exercise routine can help you avoid injury and squeeze the biggest benefit from your workout. Here is what you need to know:

1. Stand up straight. When instructions for an exercise ask you to stand up straight, that means keeping your:
   • chin parallel to the floor
   • shoulders even (roll them up, back, and down to help achieve this)
   • arms at your sides, elbows relaxed and even
   • abdominal muscles pulled in
   • hips even
   • knees even and pointing straight ahead
   • feet pointing straight ahead
   • body weight evenly distributed on both feet.
2. Stay in neutral. Neutral alignment means keeping your body in a straight line from head to toe except for the slight natural curves of the spine. Whether you're standing or seated, that means your spine is not flexed or arched to overemphasize the curve of the lower back. One way to find neutral is to tip your pelvis forward as far as is comfortable, then tip it backward as far as is comfortable. Neutral is roughly in the middle. If you're not used to standing or sitting up straight, it may take a while for this to feel natural. A neutral wrist is firm and straight, not bent upward or downward.
3. Get the angle. When angles appear in exercise instructions, visualize a 90-degree angle as an L. To visualize a 30-degree angle, mentally slice the 90-degree angle into thirds, or picture the distance between a clock's minute hand and hour hand at one o'clock.

Achieving and maintaining good posture during your workouts takes a little practice. If possible, look in a mirror when exercising. Try to take a few moments each day to practice better posture, too.

Benefits such as mental stimulation and social engagement are associated with staving off chronic disease.

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Punching a time clock is still part of the regular routine for an increasing number of older adults. They're staying employed or going back to work, even though they're beyond the traditional retirement age of 65.

"For well over 100 years, men had been retiring at earlier and earlier ages. Something shifted in the 1990s, and they began working longer. The story for women is different. They weren't always in the labor force. But now we see employment rates rising for women at every age," says Nicole Maestas, an associate professor of health care policy at Harvard Medical School. She studies the economics of aging, health, and disability.