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Surviving the flu season

The odds of beating the bug are increasing as another new vaccine for seniors debuts.


 Image: Bigstock

The flu season is upon us. Like that other season—winter—it can be unpredictable. But the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is doing its best to see that we're informed and as prepared as possible for whatever is in store. For updates throughout the flu season, check the CDC website, www.cdc.gov/flu.

How well does the flu shot work?

Why the flu shot is worthwhile

Flu vaccination may make your illness milder if you do get sick. A 2016 study indicated that people 50 or older who got a flu vaccination had a 57% lower risk of hospitalization for the flu than their contemporaries who weren't vaccinated. Flu vaccination has been associated with lower rates of heart attacks and related problems among people with heart disease and with reduced hospitalizations among people with diabetes and chronic lung disease.

Getting vaccinated yourself also protects people around you, including those who are more vulnerable to serious flu illness, like babies and people with certain chronic health conditions.

Vaccines for seniors

Ask the doctor: Are activity trackers worthwhile for weight loss?

If wearing an activity tracker results in more daily exercise but not a significant weight loss, it still provides health benefits.

Two options for replacing lost teeth

Missing teeth can lead to additional dental woes, but implants and bridges can restore your smile and improve your dental—and overall—health.

Few of us will make it through life with a full set of 32 teeth. By age 50, the average American has lost 12 permanent teeth to decay, gum disease, or injury. Losing teeth not only affects your smile, but can also alter your bite and weaken your jawbone as well.

There is little reason to let that happen. Advances in prosthetic dentistry have made it possible to fill the spaces with bridges and implants that are more functional and attractive than the teeth they have replaced. "Your mouth is the first organ of your digestive system. Missing teeth affect not just your appearance but your overall health," says Dr. German Gallucci, executive director of the Harvard Dental Center. "We view dentistry as an integral part of comprehensive health care."

Holiday weight gain is a worldwide phenomenon, study suggests

A study of people in the United States, Germany, and Japan found that holiday weight gain was common.

Trade bad habits for good ones

Understanding the three Rs —reminder, routine, and reward—can help you create healthful habits.


Image: gguy44/ThinkStock

Everyone has bad habits they want to break, but instead of scorning yourself for being helpless to break them, use the fundamentals of forming habits to your advantage.

Habits, good or bad, follow a typical three-step pattern. One way to describe this is as three Rs: reminder, routine, and reward. By breaking down the cycle of a bad habit, you can identify what triggers the routine and begin to address what really needs to change. This way you can establish a pattern for new and healthier habits.

Ask the doctor: Best protein: animals or plants?

Men need about 0.36 grams of protein per pound of body weight every day. Animal products contain some of the highest amounts, but many sources also include high levels of saturated fat and cholesterol. Plant proteins might be a healthier choice since they also include essential vitamins, minerals, and other micronutrients.

The year in health and medicine

Changes to food labels and health guidelines, and the arrival of another mosquito -borne illness, topped health news in 2016.


Image: sultancicekgil/iStock

The new year is approaching fast, and with it, the promise of better health. Before we bid farewell to 2016, we'd like to reflect on the news that got our attention this year.

The Zika virus

Guideline changes

Some new health guidelines made their entrance in 2016, and others underwent updates. The CDC announced its first-ever guidelines for prescription painkillers, encouraging doctors to stop treating chronic pain by prescribing opioids, such as oxycodone (OxyContin) and hydrocodone (Vicodin). Long-term use of the drugs carries risks for dependence, addiction, overdose, and death.

The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) strengthened its guidelines granting access to one's own medical records. Among the rules: you do not have to give a reason for a records request, you can ask for the records by mail or email, and most requests should be granted within 30 days.

Also of note, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force updated its guidelines to screen for depression, now recommending screening in all people 18 or older, including older adults, when there are systems in place to ensure accurate diagnosis (as opposed to selective screening based on judgment and patient preference).

Healthier food

New medications

This year also brought the news that we'll have to wait for an antidote to stop rare uncontrolled bleeding episodes linked to some newer types of blood thinners, such as apixaban (Eliquis) and rivaroxaban (Xarelto). In August 2016, the FDA rejected the potential antidote AndexXa (andexanet alfa), saying it wanted more information before it could grant approval. Another of the newer blood thinners—dabigatran (Pradaxa)—already has an approved antidote called idarucizumab (Praxbind).

The newer blood thinners are alternatives to warfarin (Coumadin). People who use warfarin require frequent blood tests to see if the dose needs to be adjusted, but if dangerous bleeding does occur, there's a treatment to reverse it. The newer blood thinners don't require lab monitoring. Apixaban and rivaroxaban do not yet have approved treatments to reverse bleeding.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Do antibacterial soaps really work?

Soaps with added “antibacterial” chemicals are not better at protecting people against infection and illness. The added chemicals may be harmful.

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